Pottery-kiln.



I. G. H Y.

POTTERY N.

PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP PT.3, 190D.

Patented, Aug. 2, 1910.

2 S EEEEEEEEEEE 2.

WITNESSES /NVEN'-T0/? Ki Fre-demci Gila/26y A TTOHNE YS v a By 7 UNITED s'rArEs PATENT orrion'.

FREDERICK Gr. HACNEY, OF EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO, ASSIGNOB 01E ONE-FOURTH TO AARON MOORE AND ONE-FOURTH 'IO WILLIAM SIMPSON, OF EAST LIVERPOOL,

OHIO.

POTTERY-KILN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented A11 2, 1910.

Application-filed. September a, 1909. Serial No. 516,052.

To all whom it may concern."

Be it known that I, FREDERICK G. I'IANEY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of East Liverpool, in the county of Columbiana and State of Ohio, have invented a new and Improved Pottery-Kiln, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Among the principal objects which the present invention has in view are: to provide a kiln wherein the necessity for the employmentof saggars or supporting devices is avoided; to provide a construction wherein the kiln may be adapted to be heated by either coal or gas; and to provide a construction and arrangement whereby the breakage caused by the removal of articles is diminished.

the accompanying drawings, in which like characters of reference denote corresponding parts in all the views, and in which Figure 1 is a vertical section of a kiln constructed and arranged in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line 22 in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a detail View in vertical section of a series of supporting shelf compartments; and Fig. 4: is a perspective view of a shield for the shelf compartments to be employed when the kiln is using coal for heating.

The arrangement and construction of the interior of the kiln is that which my invention is most closely allied with. The outer wall 5 and lining wall 6 of the kiln are of usual construction. The inner chamber, which is formed within the kiln by the crown 7 is in direct communication with fire boxes 8, 8, the heat, steam and gases passing through perforations 9, 9 in a central stack 10, into a cupola 11, and thence to the open air.

In loading the chamber there have heretofore been used receptacles of vitrified or burnt clay, which have been called by the trade saggars. The biscuits have been placed within these saggars, and the saggars within the kiln, resting one upon the other, and being disposed with reference to the supporting weight. When the chamber of the kiln is sufliciently loaded or filled, the door, or wall section thereof, is closed, and the fires started. The fires are continued is provided with a double row of shelves 12,

12. The shelves 12, 12 are formed as sectors of the circular plane of the interior of the chamber, and are constructed from burnt clay of any suitable form or thickness. The inner edges of these shelves are inserted in a the lining wall 6 of the chamber, and the One embodiment of the present invention 1 is disclosed in the structure illustrated in outer edges of the shelves are supported on piers 13, 13. The pier-s13, 13 are disposed as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, to extend. under the corners of adjacent shelves 1 2. The shelves 12 which are supported by the lining wall 6 constitute a tier of shelves at the. outside 01 a central passage 14. In the inner side of the passage 14 is formed a second tier of shelves 12, the inner edges of which are supported by the stack 10, while the outer edges are supported at the corners thereof by the piers 13, 13. When the two tiers are completely formed there will be found the passage 14: between, which is employed by the operator in loading the kiln. The loading: is done by placing the articles to be baked upon the various shelves, both the outer and the inner circle. hen the required or desired number of articles vto be burned have been placed on these shelves, the operator then forms a series of similar shelves in the passage 141. This is done by using a number of loose platforms 15, 15, which are placed upon upright blocks 16, 16, placed at the four corners of the platforms 15, 15 to support the same. The platforms 15, 15 are thus built and loaded section by section, the operator backing out from the passage 14. as the loading and the building of the platforms 15 continue.

In the above described manner the interior of the kiln is formed with a series of shelves and interposed platforms, each and every part thereof supporting the articles to be baked. If the articles to be baked are-of the unglazed surface type known as bisque,

the heating is accomplished by meansof gas,- and in such event the communication between. the shelves 12, 12 and the platforms 15, 15 is permitted to remain open. WVhen, however, in heavier burning, or that wherein coal is used for heat, it becomes desirable to exclude the articles from direct contact with the smoke and gases of combustion, to do which I have provided shields 17, 17 of various and suitable sizes to fit between the piers 13, 13 and the shelves 12, 12. Any suitable means for holding the shields 17, 17 in place may be employed. I have illustrated in the drawings a method wherein the shields are provided with engagement tabs 18, 18 and sockets 19, 19 to receive the same. When, in placing the shield 17, shown in Fig. 4c, the tabs 18, 18 are inserted in the sockets 19, 19, forming for the outer and inner shelves continuous and unbroken walls which exclude the smoke and gas from the shelf compartments, and thus -protect the articles placed upon the said shelves 12. The articles contained on the platforms 15, 15, if desired, may be placed in saggars or exposed to the direct contact with the heat.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A pottery kiln comprising a chamber having a suitable lining provided with annular grooves; a plurality of shelf sections adapted to fit within the said grooves; a plurality of short separable piers adapted to rest upon each tier of said shelves to support the tier above; and a plurality of interposed platforms adapted to be built up from the floor of said kiln between the said shelves, said platforms being formed from heat resisting material.

2. A pottery kiln comprising a chamber having a suitable lining provided with annular grooves; a plurality of shelf sections adapted to fit within the said grooves; a

plurality of short separable piers adapted to rest upon each tier of said shelves to support the tier above; and a plurality of shield pieces adapted to inclose the said shelves and having connecting tabs and sockets formed in the edges thereof to entirely lock each with the other to form a continuous wall for the shelf sections.

3. A pottery kiln comprising a chamber having a suitable lining provided With annular grooves; a plurality of shelf sections adapted to fit within the said grooves; a plurality of short separable piers adapted to rest upon each tier of said shelves to support the tier above; a plurality of shield pieces adapted to inclose the said shelves being formed from heat resisting material; and a plurality of interposed platforms adapted to be built up from the floor of said kiln between the said shelves, said platforms being formed from heat resisting material.

4. A pottery kiln comprising a chamber having a suitable lining provided with annular grooves; a plurality of shelf sections adapted to fit within the said grooves; a plurality of short separable piers adapted to rest upon each tier of said shelves to support the tier above; a plurality of shield pieces adapted to inclose the said shelves and having connecting tabs and sockets formed in the edges thereof to entirely lock each with the other to form a continuous wall for the said shelf sections; and a plurality of interposed platforms adapted to be built. up from the floor of said kiln between the said shelves, said platforms being formed from heat resisting material.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FREDERICK G. HANEY.

Witnesses JAMES N. Rose, 0. E. SoT'rUNe. 

